Doctor Bella Zimilevich, MD of Mill Basin, Brooklyn (NY)

Degenerative Disc Disease

Degenerative Disc Disease Treatment

“Degenerative disc disease occurs when the discs in your spine naturally wear down over time, causing pain, stiffness, and sometimes nerve irritation. While it is a common part of aging, symptoms can affect daily activities and mobility. With proper evaluation and targeted treatment, most cases can be managed without surgery. I can help guide you toward relief and long-term spinal health.”

-Dr. Anatoly Pisman, MD

What is Degenerative Disc Disease?

Degenerative disc disease refers to the gradual breakdown of spinal discs, which act as cushions between vertebrae.

Loss of disc height, hydration, and flexibility can lead to lower back pain, radiating leg pain, or nerve compression.

The condition often coexists with lumbar herniated discs or spinal stenosis, increasing discomfort and mobility challenges.

A medical illustration of an aging spine showing degenerated spinal discs with reduced disc height and mild nerve compression in the lower back region

Common Causes

Disc degeneration occurs naturally with age but can be worsened by other factors:

Key contributors:

  • Repeated stress on the spine from lifting, twisting, or poor posture
  • Previous injuries or spinal trauma
  • Genetic predisposition or lifestyle factors like smoking

Symptoms of Degenerative Disc Disease

75-year-old elderly woman with a slightly frail, slightly overweight build, sitting or standing with a posture that reflects chronic lower back discomfort

Symptoms vary in severity, but early evaluation and a structured treatment plan can reduce pain, improve mobility, and prevent further degeneration.

Typical signs:

  • Chronic lower back pain that may worsen with activity or prolonged sitting
  • Radiating pain or numbness in the legs due to nerve involvement

When to Seek Medical Attention

Consult a doctor if pain persists, interferes with daily activities, or is accompanied by:

  • Numbness, tingling, or weakness in the legs
  • Difficulty standing, walking, or controlling bladder/bowel functions

Prompt evaluation can prevent worsening nerve compression and maintain spinal function.

Diagnosis & Testing

Diagnosis includes a physical examination, review of symptoms, and sometimes imaging such as MRI or CT scans to assess disc degeneration. EMG/NCV testing may be recommended if nerve symptoms are present.

Non-Surgical Treatment Options

Most cases are managed without surgery. Treatments may include:

  • Physical therapy to strengthen supporting muscles, improve posture, and maintain spinal flexibility
  • Epidural steroid injections or nerve blocks for inflammation and pain
  • Activity modification and targeted medications

What to Expect at Your Visit

Your visit will include a review of your pain, a physical examination, and evaluation of nerve involvement. Based on your findings, a customized treatment plan will be developed to reduce discomfort, improve daily function, and prevent further degeneration.